The 'Source' - De:Coded
Alkebulan is the oldest name for current day Africa. Alkebu-lan translates to “mother of mankind” or “garden of Eden”.
The name was used by the Moors, Nubians, Numidians, Khart-Haddans (Carthagenians), and Ethiopians. Africa, the current misnomer adopted by almost everyone today, was given to this continent by the ancient Greeks and Romans.
The 'Source' Tee De:Coded
Alkebulan [Alkebu-lan]
According to history scholars, the name Africa came into existence in the late 17th century. The name was initially used to refer to the Northern parts of the continent. During this period, colonialism was in practice, the Europeans roamed Alkebulan and ruled over her people as slave masters. This influenced the change of name from Alkebulan to Africa. The word Africa was initiated by the Europeans and came into Western use through the Romans after the three Punic battles (264 BC to 146 BC) led by Publius Cornelius Scipio and the people of Carthage which is present-day Tunisia.
Alkebulan is the source of human life. The most recent common ancestor of modern human mtDNA (dubbed "Mitochondrial Eve") is dated to ca. 230–150 kya. The emergence of haplogroup L1-6 by definition dates a later time, at an estimated 200–130 kya, possibly in a population in Eastern Africa. Haplogroup L0 emerges from the basal haplogroup L1-6 later, at an estimated 190–110 kya.
Haplogroups
A haplogroup is a
The depth of these lineages entails that substructure of this haplogroup within Alkebulan is complex. Haplogroup L1-6 (also L1’2’3’4’5’6) split off undifferentiated haplogroup L roughly 20,000 years after Mitochondrial Eve, or at roughly 170,000 years ago (167±36 kya). It diverged, in its turn, into L1 (150 kya), L5 (120 kya), and L2 (90 kya) before the recent out-of Africa event of ca. 70 kya. L3 emerges around 70 kya and is closely associated with the out-of-Africa event. L6 and L4 are sister clades of L3, but they are limited to East Africa and did not participate in the out-of-Africa migration.
Haplogroup L1-6 (mtDNA)
Haplogroup L1 diverged from L at approximately 140,000 years ago. Its emergence is associated with the early peopling of Africa by anatomically modern humans during the Eemian, and is now mostly found in Bantu & Semi Bantu speaking West African populations.
Haplogroup L5 was formerly classified as L1e, but is now recognised as having diverged from L1 at about 120 kya. It's also mostly associated with pygmies, with highest frequency in Mbuti pygmies from Eastern Central Africa at 15%.
Haplogroup L2 diverged from L(1'4'6)'2 at approximately 90 kya, associated with the peopling of East West Africa. As a result of the South East Bantu migration it's now spread throughout Central Sub-Saharan Africa, at the expense of the previously more widespread L0, L1 and L5.
Haplogroup L6 diverged from L3'4'6 at approximately the same time, ca. 90 kya. It is now a minor haplogroup with distribution mostly limited to the Horn of Africa and southern East Africa.
Haplogroup L3 diverged from L3'4 at approximately 70 kya, likely shortly before the Southern Dispersal event (Out-of-Africa migration), possibly in East Africa. The mtDNA of all non-Africans is derived from L3, divided into two main lineages, M and N.
Haplogroup L4 is a minor haplogroup of East Africa that arose around 70 kya but did not participate in the out-of-Africa migration. The haplogroup formerly named L7 has been re-classified as a subclade of L4, named L4a.
Haplogroup L0 (mtDNA)
Haplogroup L0 arose between about 200 and 130 kya,[12] that is, at about the same time as L1, before the beginning of the Eemian. It is associated with the peopling of Southern Africa after about 140,000 years ago.
Its subclades are L0d and L0k. Both are almost exclusively restricted to the Khoisan of southern Africa, but L0d has also been detected among the Sandawe people of Tanzania, which suggests an ancient connection between the Khoisan and East African speakers of click languages.
Haplogroup L0f is present in relatively small frequencies in Tanzania among the Sandawe people who are known to be older then the Khoisan. L0a is most prevalent in South-East African populations (25% in Mozambique), and L0b is found in Ethiopia.